Horner syndrome

Horner syndrome is a rare condition that affects the nerves of the face. It is known for causing three main signs: a smaller (constricted) pupil (miosis), a drooping upper eyelid (ptosis), and reduced or absent sweating on one side of the face (anhidrosis). The condition happens when there is damage to the sympathetic nerves that run to the face. This nerve damage can happen for a variety of reasons. The symptoms begin when these nerves stop working as they should, leading to the typical signs of Horner syndrome.

People with Horner syndrome often show a smaller pupil, drooping of the upper eyelid, and decreased sweating on the affected side of the face. These symptoms are a result of the nerve damage that affects normal eye and facial functions.

Horner syndrome can be caused by many different types of nerve damage. It may occur when there is a tumor, a stroke, or damage to the brain stem. Injury to the carotid artery or trauma to the brachial plexus can also lead to the condition. In rare cases, it is present at birth and is associated with a change in the pigmentation of the iris.

Treatment for Horner syndrome depends on the underlying cause that led to the nerve damage. Once the cause is identified, treatments specific to that condition may be used to manage the symptoms.

Information about prognosis is currently limited for this condition.

Information about current research and future directions is currently limited for this condition.