Bartter syndrome

Bartter syndrome is a group of rare kidney disorders where the kidneys do not properly reabsorb salt in a part of the kidney called the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop. This leads to an imbalance of electrolytes and can result in a low level of potassium (hypokalemia), an increase in blood alkalinity (alkalosis), and higher levels of calcium in the urine, sometimes leading to complications such as kidney calcifications (nephrocalcinosis). In addition, laboratory tests in people with Bartter syndrome often show high levels of renin and aldosterone, which are hormones involved in salt and water balance, along with low blood pressure. This condition is considered rare and falls under several similar names including Bartter disease and Bartter's syndrome.

People with Bartter syndrome may show signs related to imbalances in electrolytes. Common clinical features include low blood potassium (hypokalemia), an increase in blood alkalinity (alkalosis), and excess calcium in the urine. These imbalances can lead to various health issues, although specific symptoms can vary from person to person.

Bartter syndrome is caused by problems in the kidney's ability to reabsorb salt in the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop. This defect leads to losses in salt and other important electrolytes. As a result, the body produces higher levels of hormones, like renin and aldosterone, which further affect blood pressure and electrolyte balance. Detailed genetic causes or risk factors are not available in the current information.

Information about treatment options and management approaches is currently limited for this condition.

Information about the outlook and quality of life considerations is currently limited for this condition.

Information about current research and future directions is currently limited for this condition.